卢俊达

Russian President Vladimir Putin has signed into law a ban on Americans adopting Russian orphans.

俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京已经签署一项法案，禁止美国人领养俄罗斯的孤儿。

The law is a reaction to the US Magnitsky Act, which blacklists Russian officials accused of rights abuses.

这项法案是对美国“马格尼茨基法案”的回应，“马格尼茨基法案”将那些被指责侵犯人权的俄罗斯官员列入了黑名单。

The death of anti-corruption lawyer Sergei Magnitsky in 2009 became a symbol of the fight against corruption in Russia, and soured relations between Russia and the US.

反腐律师谢尔盖·马格尼茨基在2009年的死亡成为俄罗斯反腐败的一个象征，使得美国与俄罗斯之间的关系恶化。

The US state department says it “deeply regrets” the passing of the law.

美国国务院对该法案的通过表示“深深的遗憾”。

On Friday, a Moscow court acquitted a prison doctor accused of negligence over Magnitsky’s death. It was the only trial to be held in the case.

在星期五，一个莫斯科法庭宣判一个监狱医生无罪，他被指控因疏忽致使马格尼茨基死亡。这是唯一一个与此案件有关的审判。

The judge said Dmitry Kratov had acted appropriately when Magnitsky fell ill in jail. Mr Kratov was deputy head of the high-security Butyrka prison in Moscow at the time.

法官说当马格尼茨基在监狱中生病时，Dmitry Kratov 已经对他做出了适当的对待。Kratov 先生当时是位于莫斯科戒备森严的 Butyrka 监狱的副负责人。

A Russian official report last year concluded that Magnitsky had been tortured and handcuffed in jail.

去年，一个俄罗斯官方报告断定马格尼茨基在监狱中被带上手铐并被折磨。

Magnitsky represented London-based Hermitage Capital Management (HCM). He uncovered what he described as a web of corruption involving Russian tax officials, including the alleged theft of more than $200m (£125m).

马格尼茨基作为位于伦敦的赫米蒂奇资本管理公司的代表。他揭露了他所描述的一个牵涉到俄罗斯税务官员的腐败网络，包括超过两亿美元（1.25英镑）的盗窃事件。

After reporting it to the authorities, he was himself detained on suspicion of aiding tax evasion, and died in custody on 16 November 2009 at the age of 37.

当报告给当局过后，他自己因被怀疑帮助逃税而被拘留，2009年11月16日在监禁中死亡，时年37岁。

US-born fund manager Bill Browder, who runs Hermitage Capital, spearheaded efforts in the US to put pressure on Russia over the Magnitsky case. Mr Browder was a major investor in Russia before Magnitsky’s arrest.

美国出生的基金经理 Bill Browder ，他经营着赫米蒂奇资本管理公司，马格尼茨基事件后在美国带头努力向俄罗斯施压。Browder 先生在马格尼茨基被捕前是俄罗斯的一个主要投资者。

Earlier this month the US Congress adopted the Magnitsky Act, prompting Russia’s retaliation. The EU has also criticised Russia over its handling of the case.

这个月早些时候，美国国会采纳“马格尼茨基法案”，促使了俄罗斯的报复。欧盟也批评俄罗斯在此事件上的处理。

Mr Putin signed the Russian law after it had been approved by the Russian parliament.

普京先生在经俄罗斯议会批准新法案后将其签署。

He told officials he saw no reason not to sign it, and said he would sign a presidential decree to “modify the support mechanisms for orphaned children”.

他告诉行政官员他看不到任何理由不去签署它，并且说他要签署一个总统令去“修改孤儿的支持机制”。

“There are lots of places in the world where living standards are higher than they are here,” Mr Putin said.

“世界上有很多地方，儿童在那边的生活标准比他们在这边高，”普京先生说道。

“Are we going to send all our children there? Perhaps we should move there ourselves?”

“我们将所有的孩子送去那里？或许我们应该将他们留给自己？”

Some 3,400 Russian children were adopted by foreign families in 2011, almost one-third of the children going to American homes.

2011年3,400个俄罗斯孤儿被国外家庭领养，他们中近乎三分之一将要去美国家庭。

Over the same period, the number of children adopted by Russian citizens was 7,416.

在同一时期，被俄罗斯公民领养的儿童数量是7,416。

In the past two decades Americans have adopted more than 60,000 Russian children.

在过去的两个十年间，美国已经领养了超过60,000个俄罗斯儿童。

“The Russian government’s politically motivated decision will reduce adoption possibilities for children who are now under institutional care,” US state department spokesman Patrick Ventrell said.

“俄罗斯政府出于政治动机的决定将降低那些目前被慈善机构照顾的儿童被领养的可能性，”美国国务院发言人 Patrick Ventrell 说道。

“We are further concerned about statements that adoptions already underway may be stopped and hope that the Russian government would allow those children who have already met and bonded with their future parents to finish the necessary legal procedures so that they can join their families,” he added.

“我们进一步关注那些声明，一些已经进行的领养可能会被中止，希望俄罗斯政府准许那些已经相遇并与未来父母结合的儿童去完成必要的法律程序以至于他们能够加入到他们的家庭中，”他补充道。

Suspicious death

可疑的死亡

The Moscow judge ruled on Friday that Mr Kratov had organised Magnitsky’s transfer to hospital and had “taken all the necessary measures to treat the illnesses” that Magnitsky was suffering from.

莫斯科法官在星期五裁定 Kratov 先生组织马格尼茨基向医院的转移和“采取了所有必要的方法去治疗”马格尼茨基所患的“疾病”。

Magnitsky had pancreatitis, but an investigation by Russia’s presidential council on human rights concluded that he had been severely beaten and denied medical treatment.

马格尼茨基有胰腺炎，但是一个俄罗斯总统委员会关于人权的调查断定他被殴打和拒绝医疗。

The council’s report, compiled while Dmitry Medvedev was president, singled out senior interior ministry investigator Oleg Silchenko and prison chief Ivan Prokopenko as being at fault for neglect over the lawyer’s death.

这份委员会报告，收集于德米特里·梅德韦杰夫任总统时期，挑出内政部高级调查员 Oleg Silchenko 和监狱长 Ivan Prokopenko 的错误，因疏忽导致律师的死亡。

The document said they “obstructed” his medical care by moving him to another prison just before he was due to have an operation, where there was a criminal failure to provide him with care in the last days of his life.

这份文件说，他们在他一次手术临到时通过将他移动到另一座监狱来“阻止”对他的医疗，一个犯人在他生命的最后几日未能被给予帮助。

Magnitsky’s mother, widow and lawyers believe that Mr Kratov has been used as a decoy by the authorities to protect the real culprits in the lawyer’s death.

马格尼茨基的母亲，遗孀和律师相信 Kratov 先生被当局用作诱饵去保护律师死亡事件中真正的罪犯。

Mr Kratov’s assistant Larisa Litvinova had also been a suspect in the case, but the investigation into her actions was dropped in April.

马格尼茨基的助手 Larisa Litvinova 也成为了事件中的嫌犯，但是对她行为的调查在四月被撤下。